MADA's Green Capacity™
Market Challenge
Dispatchable capacity is declining as existing generation is retired and much of it is being replaced with intermittent renewable capacity. Approval of new fossil fuel generation is getting harder as the clean energy transition progresses. While long duration storage can cover many gaps in intermittent generation, periods of high demand and low renewable output can last multiple weeks, beyond the economic duration of any storage technologies currently available.
“While a given area may have sufficient capacity to meet resource adequacy requirements, it may not have sufficient availability of resources during extreme and prolonged weather events. Therefore, long-duration weather events increase the risk of electricity supply shortfalls.” 2022 Long-Term Reliability Assessment, North American Electric Reliability Corp.,
According to a study by E3 for the California Independent System Operator (CAISO), the load carrying capacity of storage declines with increasing penetration, which can only be partially offset with longer duration storage additions.
Green Capacity™ - The Solution
MADA’s Green Capacity™ integrates long duration storage with clean dispatchable capacity ensuring a reliable clean energy system. Our solution provides dispatchable generation with full load carrying capacity at all levels that can be 100% clean.
We offer the reliability of a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) with up to 100% lower emissions. Green Capacity is based on a Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) system which can provide storage at a very large scale for 10 hours and longer. However, MADA has developed a novel approach to its LAES that adds the capability to generate clean power, in addition to dispatching the stored power. Combined with wind and/or solar, our solution is ideal for the transition to Net Zero Greenhouse Gas emissions because our system utilizes common internal equipment to provide power from the long duration energy storage source of liquid air and reliable backup generation from any clean burning fuel, such as green hydrogen. Until clean fuels are economic and available, it can burn natural gas before making the transition to burning completely clean fuels with no emissions at all.
MADA's Green Capacity Technology™
Green Capacity™ uses a system to store thermal energy, primarily in the form of liquid air, as well as gravel thermal sinks. Larger liquid air storage tanks and gravel beds increase the duration of the storage. Our models are based on 10 hours of storage, as we believe this size addresses ~95%% of storage needs. While the duration can be extended with additional thermal storage capacity, we expect that for longer duration needs it is more cost effective to utilize the compressor and gas turbine to burn fuel (ideally green hydrogen, but natural gas and other fuels can be burned when cleaner fuels are not available). This would allow for power output well beyond the duration of the storage. To match this capability, a utility or grid operator would need to invest in both batteries for the clean energy storage capability and a natural gas-fired combustion turbine for the reliable backup capacity. Green Capacity™ provides all of the benefits of long duration storage and dispatchable capacity at a lower cost.
Green Capacity Economics
At scale, MADA’s Green Capacity™ provides storage services at a levelized cost of storage well below what is achievable with batteries and a levelized cost of capacity that is competitive with a natural gas fired combustion turbine.
We have made many changes in order to significantly improve the efficiency and lower the cost of the system. In addition, we have made a major novel change that allows us to use the same equipment to generate power by burning hydrogen, natural gas and other fuels. With the improvements we have made, Green Capacity is able to provide long duration storage cheaper than batteries – and capacity competitive with and cleaner than gas turbines.
We estimate our levelized cost of storage is more than 1/3 less than a battery with a similar duration while at the same time offering power 24 hours per day when necessary.
Compared to natural gas turbines, our levelized cost of capacity is competitive while reducing emissions by 90-100%, depending on the fuel burned.
Foundational LAES IP
The MADA Analytics foundational LAES IP for long-duration energy storage and dispatchable generation is based on approved U.S. patents from key personnel.
METHOD FOR EXHAUST WASTE ENERGY RECOVERY AT THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE POLY-GENERATION PLANT
SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND DEVICES FOR
LIQUID AIR ENERGY STORAGE IN
CONJUNCTION WITH POWER
GENERATING CYCLES
ENERGY STORAGE AND RECOVERY
METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND DEVICES
LIQUID AIR ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS,
DEVICES, AND METHODS
METHOD FOR LIQUID AIR AND GAS ENERGY STORAGE